Levofloxacin

Overview

What is Levofloxacin? 

Levofloxacin is an antibiotic medication belonging to the fluoroquinolone class.  It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with potent bactericidal activity. The core chemical structure of Levofloxacin is based on a fluoroquinolone framework, characterized by a quinolone chemical structure with a fluorine atom attached. 

Global Name

Generic name: Levofloxacin
Brand name: Levaquin, Tavanic, and Quixin.

Usage

What is Levofloxacin used for? 

Levofloxacin is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including pneumonia, sinusitis, bronchitis, urinary tract infections, skin infections, and in some cases, to prevent anthrax in people who have been exposed to the causative bacteria (Bacillus anthracis). 

How do you use Levofloxacin? 

Availability:

Levofloxacin is available in tablet form, oral solution, and injectable form. 

Dosage information: 

• Adults: The dose varies depending on the type and severity of the infection, generally ranging from 250 mg to 750 mg once daily. 
• Children: Usage and dose should be determined by a pediatrician, and it's typically reserved for specific conditions such as post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent air-borne anthrax infection. 

Suitability: 

• Children: Generally not recommended due to potential side effects on joint and muscle health. 
• Adults:  Should not be used by those with a history of tendon disorders related to fluoroquinolone use.
• Elderlies: Yes, but with close monitoring due to increased risk of side effects. 
• Pregnancy and Lactation: Not recommended unless the potential benefit outweighs the risk based on medical evaluation. 
  

Allergies:

Not suitable for anyone with a known allergy to levofloxacin or other quinolone antibiotics. 

Warnings and precautions:

• Can be taken with or without food. 
• Increase fluid intake to prevent crystal formation in urine. 
• Avoid excessive sunlight or UV light exposure. 

Drug and Food Interactions 

• Can interact with antacids, iron, and zinc supplements. 
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of myasthenia gravis or those who have experienced tendon rupture with fluoroquinolones. 

Side Effects

• Possible side effects include nausea, headache, dizziness, and diarrhea. 
• Serious side effects may include tendon rupture, nerve damage, mood changes, or severe allergic reactions. 

Pharmacist Tips

Understanding Your Medication: 

• Familiarise yourself with the full course of treatment and the importance of not skipping doses to prevent resistance. 

Side Effects Management: 

• Report any signs of tendon pain, swelling, or inflammation to your healthcare provider immediately. 

Nutritional Guidance: 

• Take Levofloxacin either 2 hours before or 2 hours after taking any products containing magnesium, aluminum, calcium, iron, or zinc. 

Activity Level: 

• Avoid strenuous physical activity during treatment and shortly thereafter to reduce the risk of tendon injury. 

Sun Protection: 

• Use sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors, as Levofloxacin can increase sun sensitivity. 

Storage Information: 

• Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. 

Handling Instructions: 

• If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for the next dose. Do not double up on doses. 

Availability

Where is Levofloxacin available in Hong Kong?

Levofloxacin s a prescription medication that can be prescribed by healthcare providers.

FAQs

Can Levofloxacin treat viral infections like the flu?

No, Levofloxacin is ineffective against viral infections. 

Is it safe to consume alcohol while taking Levofloxacin?

It's best to avoid alcohol, as it may intensify certain side effects of the medication. 

How long does it take for Levofloxacin to work for UTI?

Levofloxacin typically begins to alleviate symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI) within a few days of starting treatment, but it's important to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed to ensure the infection is fully cleared and prevent the emergence of bacterial resistance to levofloxacin.