Baclofen

Overview

Baclofen is a centrally-acting muscle relaxant commonly prescribed to alleviate spasticity from various neurological conditions. Its active ingredient is baclofen, a derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the brain. 

Baclofen mimics GABA and binds to GABA-B receptors in the central nervous system. This action helps relax skeletal muscles, reduce muscle spasm, and alleviate pain and discomfort associated with spasticity. 

Global Name

Generic Names

Baclofen: Widely used internationally and recognized in many countries around the world. 

Global Brands 

Here are some of the global brand names for Baclofen: 

• Lioresal is one of the most common brand names for Baclofen and is used in many countries, including but not limited to the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and various European countries. 
• Gablofen is another brand name for Baclofen, and it is also available in the United States. It is often used in formulations intended for intrathecal administration, which is an injection into the spinal canal. 

Usage

What is Baclofen used for?

Baclofen is used primarily to treat spasticity resulting from conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and cerebral palsy. It helps manage symptoms such as muscle spasms, clonus, and pain. 

How Do You Use Baclofen? 

Baclofen is available as tablets, injectable solutions for pumps (intrathecal baclofen therapy), and in some regions, as a cream for topical application. 

Dosage information, across all ages: 

• Adults typically start with a dose of 5 mg of carbimazole three times daily, with the possibility of gradual increases as needed.
• Dosages for children and the elderly require individualization and careful monitoring, with adjustments for the elderly considering sensitivity and kidney function.

Precautions of  Baclofen for different ages: 

Warnings and precautions: 

People with hypersensitivity to baclofen should not take this medication. Additionally, patients with certain types of kidney dysfunction may need adjusted dosages or may not be suitable for baclofen treatment. 

Side Effects

Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and headache. Severe side effects (common in drug toxicity and withdrawal) could include difficulty breathing, seizures, autonomic dysfunction or delusions/hallucinations. 

Pharmacist Tips

• Starting Baclofen: Begin with a low dose and increase gradually as directed by your physician to avoid side effects. 
• Missed Dose: Take a missed dose as soon as you remember unless it's near the time for the next one. Never double the dose. 
• Avoiding Withdrawal: Consult your doctor before stopping baclofen to prevent withdrawal symptoms. 
• Alcohol Consumption: Do not drink alcohol while on baclofen to reduce the risk of increased drowsiness and dizziness. 
• Operating Machinery: Baclofen may cause drowsiness. Be cautious with activities requiring alertness. 
• Storage: Store baclofen at room temperature, away from light and moisture, and out of reach of children and pets. 
• Traveling with Medication: Carry your medication and a doctor's note when traveling. 
• Disposal of Unused Medication: Use medicine take-back programs for disposal, or follow FDA guidelines if unavailable. 
• Handling Instructions: For tablets, handle with dry hands. For injectable forms, use aseptic techniques. 
• Adherence to Therapy: Consistently take baclofen as prescribed, using reminders if necessary to maintain your dosing schedule. 

Availability

Where is Baclofen available in Hong Kong?

Baclofen is a prescription medication that can be prescribed by healthcare providers.

FAQs

Can Baclofen be used for pain relief? 

Yes, Baclofen can be used off-label for certain types of pain, especially neuropathic pain or pain due to spasticity.

Is Baclofen addictive? 

While Baclofen itself is not known to be addictive, it should be used as prescribed to avoid potential dependency or withdrawal symptoms.

Is Baclofen available for purchase over the counter?

No, Baclofen requires a prescription from a healthcare provider.

What food to avoid while taking Baclofen?  

There are no specific foods that you must avoid while taking baclofen, but it's important to discuss your diet with your healthcare provider. 

How long does Baclofen stay in your system? 

Baclofen would generally be expected to be cleared from your system within 10 to 20 hours after your last dose.